Quartz

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/milky; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & Geological History

Forms in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments. It crystallizes from silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. Found across all geological ages.

Uses & Applications

Used in glass manufacturing, electronics (oscillators), abrasives, jewelry (gemstones), and as a component in construction concrete and mortar.

Geological Facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is piezoelectric, meaning it generates an electric charge when mechanical stress is applied.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its hardness (it can scratch glass), its lack of cleavage, and its conchoidal (shell-like) fracture. Found worldwide in nearly every geological setting.

Identified on: 4/17/2026

Mode: Standard