mineral

Vanadinite on Matrix

Vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl)

Hardness: 3.0-4.0; Color: bright orange to deep red crystals on earthy brown matrix; Luster: Adamantine to resinous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 6.6-7.2

Hardness: 3
Color: bright orange to deep red crystals on earthy brown matrix
Luster: Adamantine to resinous

Identified April 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3.0-4.0; Color: bright orange to deep red crystals on earthy brown matrix; Luster: Adamantine to resinous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 6.6-7.2

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zone of lead-bearing deposits. Lead is mobilized and reacts with vanadium-rich solutions commonly derived from the weathering of nearby wall rocks.

Uses & applications

Major source of industrial vanadium; highly prized as a mineral specimen for collectors and educational displays.

Geological facts

Vanadinite is chemically related to apatite and pyromorphite. It is one of the most aesthetically pleasing lead minerals due to its vibrant 'fire engine red' color.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its distinctive hexagonal barrel-shaped crystals and high density compared to its size. Commonly found in arid regions like Morocco, Arizona, and Namibia.