sedimentary
Ferruginous Sandstone
Arenite with Iron-Oxide Cement
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Rusty brown, reddish-orange, tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular texture; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Rusty brown, reddish-orange, tan
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Rusty brown, reddish-orange, tan; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic, granular texture; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and litification of sand-sized mineral particles or rock fragments, cemented together by iron oxides (like limonite or hematite) in shallow marine or fluvial environments.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a building stone, in road construction, and occasionally for carving or as decorative garden stone.
Geological facts
The distinctive rusty color comes from the oxidation of iron-rich minerals within the 'cement' that holds the sand grains together. It is often found in prehistoric architectural structures due to its durability.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its gritty sandpaper feel, visible sand grains, and characteristic rust-colored weathering. Common in sedimentary basins worldwide.
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