Nephrite Jade

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Deep forest green, Luster: Vitreous to greasy, Crystal structure: Monoclinic (interlocking fibrous structure), Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.1

Formed through the regional metamorphism of magnesium-rich rocks (like serpentinite) or the chemical reaction between dolomitic limestones and silicic igneous rocks. It features a felted, interlocking microcrystalline structure that makes it incredibly tough.

Used widely in gemstone carving, high-end jewelry (beads, bangles, pendants), traditional ornaments, and historically for durable tool-making due to its extreme toughness.

Nephrite is significantly tougher than steel. In ancient China, it was known as the 'Stone of Heaven' and was considered more valuable than gold. It is one of two distinct minerals referred to as 'jade' (the other being jadeite).

Identify by its waxy luster, extreme resistance to fracturing when struck, and smooth feel. Commonly found in British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and Wyoming (USA). Specialized tests like specific gravity and a streak test help distinguish it from green quartz or serpentinite.