mineral

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 (Mohs scale); Color: Purple, green, yellow, or clear; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Isometric (often cubic or octahedral); Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific gravity: 3.175-3.184

Hardness: 4 (Mohs scale)
Color: Purple, green, yellow, or clear
Luster: Vitreous

Identified July 18, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Predominantly formed in hydrothermal veins, often associated with metallic ores like lead and silver. It can also occur in sedentary environments or as an accessory mineral in igneous rocks.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steel making, in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid, in high-performance telescopes and camera lenses, and widely in jewelry and mineral collecting.

Geological facts

Fluorite gave the name to the phenomenon of fluorescence in 1852. It is often called 'the most colorful mineral in the world' because of its wide range of brilliant colors.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its distinct 4-directional cleavage and its inability to scratch glass but being easy to scratch with a knife. Common locations include China, Mexico, South Africa, and Illinois in the USA.