fossil
Fossiliferous Limestone with Brachiopod
Phylum Brachiopoda in Sedimentary Matrix (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3-4 (matrix), Color: Tan, ochre, and grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic fossil shell impressions in fine-grained calcitic matrix.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (matrix), Color: Tan, ochre, and grey
- Color
- Tan, ochre, and grey
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (matrix), Color: Tan, ochre, and grey; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Structure: Clastic fossil shell impressions in fine-grained calcitic matrix.
Formation & geological history
Formed during the Paleozoic era in shallow marine environments where shells accumulated on the seafloor and were buried by lime mud, eventually lithifying into stone.
Uses & applications
Educational specimens, museum displays, and paleontological study. Limestone is also used in construction and agriculture.
Geological facts
Brachiopods are often called 'lamp shells' because their shape resembles ancient oil lamps. They have existed for over 500 million years.
Field identification & locations
Identified by the distinct fan-like ribbing (costae) of the shell impressions. Often found in limestone outcrops, road cuts, or creek beds in areas with ancient seabed deposits.
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