metamorphic
Quartzite (River Stone)
Quartzite (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Creamy white to pale tan; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (smooth from water erosion); Crystal structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Specific gravity: 2.6 - 2.7
- Hardness
- 7 Mohs scale
- Color
- Creamy white to pale tan
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy (smooth from water erosion)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Creamy white to pale tan; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (smooth from water erosion); Crystal structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Specific gravity: 2.6 - 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed when quartz-rich sandstone undergoes heat and pressure (metamorphism), recrystallizing the quartz grains into a dense, interlocking matrix. This specimen has been rounded and polished by transport in a river or beach environment.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as decorative landscaping stones, in construction as crushed stone for roads, and occasionally for lapidary work or as worry stones.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so durable that it often survives intense weathering that destroys other rocks. It is harder than steel and can easily scratch glass.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its hardness (will scratch a stainless steel knife blade) and its grainy but fused appearance. Found globally in ancient mountain belts and riverbeds.
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