sedimentary (man-made conglomerate)
Exposed Aggregate Concrete (Pea Gravel)
Concrete with Siliceous Alluvial Gravels
Hardness: 6-7 (quartz-based gravel), Color: Tan, brown, white, and gray, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Structure: Clastic/granular, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture on chips)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (quartz-based gravel), Color: Tan, brown, white, and gray, Luster: Dull to vitreous, Structure: Clastic/granular, Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture on chips)
Formation & geological history
Formed by mixing Portland cement with water and rounded river pebbles (pea gravel), then washing away the top layer of cement paste to reveal the stones. The gravel is typically from Quaternary alluvial deposits.
Uses & applications
Used in decorative construction for driveways, patios, pool decks, and sidewalks due to its slip-resistant surface and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
This material is essentially a modern, man-made version of a conglomerate rock. It is favored in landscaping for its durability and low maintenance requirements.
Field identification & locations
Identified by the rounded nature of the stones embedded in a cement matrix. Found globally in urban environments and residential architecture.
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