sedimentary
Sandstone (Banded)
Clastic Sedimentary Rock (primarily SiO2 with Iron Oxide staining)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, and reddish-brown bands; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, beige, and reddish-brown bands
- Luster
- Dull/Earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, beige, and reddish-brown bands; Luster: Dull/Earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/Clastic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.2-2.8.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized silicate grains. The bands are caused by variations in mineral content or grain size during deposition in ancient riverbeds, deserts, or coastal environments. Often millions of years old.
Uses & applications
Commonly used as a building material, decorative stone, for paving, and as an industrial source of silica for glassmaking.
Geological facts
The red bands are typically caused by iron oxide (hematite) staining the quartz grains. Over 25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth are sandstones.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its gritty 'sandpaper' texture and visible layering (stratification). Found globally in sedimentary basins, canyons, and riverbanks.
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