mineral

Garnet (Almandine-Pyrope)

Almandine-Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 to Fe3Al2(SiO4)3

Hardness: 7-7.5 (Mohs), Color: Dark brownish-red to deep violet-red, Luster: Vitreous to sub-vitreous, Crystal structure: Isometric (dodecahedral or trapezohedral habits), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 3.5-4.3.

Hardness: 7-7

Identified July 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in regional metamorphic rocks such as micaschists and gneisses, or as primary minerals in igneous rocks like pegmatites. The regional geology of Southern Ethiopia and Northern Kenya (near 5.4°N, 39.6°E) is characterized by the Neoproterozoic Mozambique Belt, rich in high-grade metamorphic rocks.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as gemstones when transparent, and widely used as an industrial abrasive for sandblasting and water-jet cutting due to its hardness and sharp fracture.

Geological facts

Garnets are a group of silicate minerals used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives. Large, dark, opaque specimens like this are common in the East African Orogen.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its high density, lack of cleavage, and common dodecahedral crystal shape. In this region of Ethiopia/Kenya, it is frequently found in riverbeds and metamorphic outcrops.

Other mineral specimens

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Sandstone with Mineral Veining or Crust

Sedimentary Sandstone (mostly SiO2 with Fe2O3 tinting)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Gypsum (variety Selenite or Alabaster)

Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)

Mineral

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock