metamorphic
Banded Serpentine
Serpentinite (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs. Color: Various shades of green with dark grey or olive banding. Luster: Greasy, waxy, or silky. Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (rarely seen as crystals, usually massive). Cleavage: Poor. Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6.
- Hardness
- 3-6 Mohs
- Color
- Various shades of green with dark grey or olive banding
- Luster
- Greasy, waxy, or silky
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-6 Mohs. Color: Various shades of green with dark grey or olive banding. Luster: Greasy, waxy, or silky. Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (rarely seen as crystals, usually massive). Cleavage: Poor. Specific Gravity: 2.5-2.6.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the hydration of ultramafic rocks (peridotite) from the Earth's mantle through a process called serpentinization. This typically occurs at tectonic plate boundaries at relatively low temperatures.
Uses & applications
Used as an ornamental stone, for carvings, architectural cladding, and occasionally in jewelry as a jade alternative. Historically used as a source of asbestos, though banded massive varieties are generally safe to handle.
Geological facts
Serpentine is the state rock of California. It is called 'serpentine' because its green color and scaly texture resemble the skin of a serpent.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinctive green color, greasy feel, and the fact that it can often be scratched with a copper coin or steel knife. Common in ophiolite complexes where oceanic crust has been uplifted.
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