mineral

Gold

Native gold (Au)

Hardness: 2.5-3 (Mohs scale), Color: Golden yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 19.3

Hardness: 2

Identified July 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5-3 (Mohs scale), Color: Golden yellow, Luster: Metallic, Crystal structure: Isometric/Cubic, Cleavage: None, Specific gravity: 19.3

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal quartz veins, alluvial deposits (placers), and as an accessory mineral in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Often concentrated via volcanic activity or weathering.

Uses & applications

Primary use in jewelry, investment/bullion, electronics for its high conductivity and corrosion resistance, and dentistry.

Geological facts

Gold is one of the least reactive chemical elements and is solid under standard conditions. It often occurs in free elemental (native) form, as nuggets or grains, in rocks, in veins, and in alluvial deposits.

Field identification & locations

Identify by high density, extreme malleability (it bends rather than breaks), and the fact that it retains its yellow color even in shadow or different lighting. Found in regions with volcanic history or ancient stream beds.