igneous
Granite
Granite (Felsic intrusive igneous rock)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: pinkish-orange (orthoclase feldspar) with gray/black (quartz and mica), Luster: vitreous to dull, Crystal structure: phaneritic (large visible crystals), Cleavage: absent in rock but present in feldspar grains.
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale), Color: pinkish-orange (orthoclase feldspar) with gray/black (quartz and mica), Luster: vitreous to dull, Crystal structure: phaneritic (large visible crystals), Cleavage: absent in rock but present in feldspar grains.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. This specimen appears to be an intrusive igneous rock typical of continental crust, often appearing in billion-year-old cratons or mountain roots.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as dimension stone, for countertops, memorials, and as aggregate for road building. In jewelry, polished granules are sometimes used in artisanal crafts.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable common stones, which is why ancient civilizations used it for massive monuments like the Great Pyramid of Giza's King's Chamber.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by looking for a 'salt and pepper' appearance with visible crystals of feldspar, quartz, and mica. It is commonly found in riverbeds near mountainous or volcanic origins. Look for hard stones that do not scratch easily with steel.
