igneous
Granite
Granite (Phaneritic Quartz Monzonite)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white, grey, black, tan); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Composition: Quartz, feldspar, and mica.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, grey, black, tan)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt and pepper (white, grey, black, tan); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Composition: Quartz, feldspar, and mica.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallisation of magma below Earth's surface. It is a coarse-grained plutonic rock found in continental crust and batholiths, often dating back hundreds of millions of years.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the core of most mountain ranges. It is one of the hardest natural stones on Earth, second only to diamond and some other rare gemstones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking mineral grains and 'salt-and-pepper' appearance. Look for shiny mica flakes and translucent quartz. Common globally in mountainous regions.
