igneous
Granite
Granite (composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Phaneritic (coarse-grained) texture; Mohs hardness 6-7; colors range from white/gray to pink and black; dull to vitreous luster; no cleavage overall due to interlocking crystals.
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Physical properties
Phaneritic (coarse-grained) texture; Mohs hardness 6-7; colors range from white/gray to pink and black; dull to vitreous luster; no cleavage overall due to interlocking crystals.
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface (intrusive igneous). Found in continental crust plates, often in mountain ranges.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and memorial monuments due to its durability.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the continental crust. It was used by the Ancient Egyptians to build pyramids and temples. It is one of the hardest and most common rocks on the planet.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its 'salt and pepper' appearance with visible crystals. Look for glassy quartz, white or pink feldspar, and shiny black mica flakes. It is found in large outcrops or as river-worn boulders.
