igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Igneous Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Pinkish-red, gray, and black. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pinkish-red, gray, and black
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale. Color: Pinkish-red, gray, and black. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained). Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock, typically found in continental crust and formed during mountain-building events (orogenies) over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, monument carvings, and as a structural stone. It is highly valued for its durability and aesthetics.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the oldest and most abundant rocks on Earth. The base of most continents is composed of granite. Mount Rushmore is carved into a massive granite formation.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its coarse salt-and-pepper appearance and visible individual crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is common in mountainous regions like the Rockies, Sierra Nevada, and the Scottish Highlands.
