igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, grey, white with darker minerals; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Granular (phaneritic); Cleavage: None (of the rock), but individual feldspars show cleavage; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, grey, white with darker minerals
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, grey, white with darker minerals; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Granular (phaneritic); Cleavage: None (of the rock), but individual feldspars show cleavage; Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow cooling and solidification of magma deep beneath the Earth's surface. It is a major component of the continental crust, often dating from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Used extensively in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments. Highly valued in landscaping and for decorative architectural features.
Geological facts
Granite makes up much of the foundation of the continents. Mount Rushmore is carved into a granite batholith. It is one of the hardest natural stones commonly used in human construction.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled, interlocking crystal texture. It is found in massive mountain ranges and shields globally. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions like tourmaline or large feldspar crystals.
