igneous
Granite
Granite (composed of Quartz, Feldspar, Mica, Amphibole)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Light grey, pinkish, speckled black and white; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Light grey, pinkish, speckled black and white
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Light grey, pinkish, speckled black and white; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained, visible interlocking crystals); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of felsic magma deep beneath Earth's surface (intrusive igneous). Ages range from Archean to Cenozoic depending on the continental craton or mountain belt.
Uses & applications
Extensively used as dimension stone, building facades, counter tops, paving stones, crushed stone for construction, and decorative landscaping rock.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of Earth's continental crust. It is rich in quartz and potassium feldspar, giving it high durability against weathering compared to softer rocks.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its coarse-grained texture containing visible grains of clear/white quartz, pinkish or white feldspar, and dark specks of biotite or amphibole. Extensively distributed worldwide in continental shield areas and mountain ranges.
