igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled white, gray, and black (salt and pepper); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Mottled white, gray, and black (salt and pepper)
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Mottled white, gray, and black (salt and pepper); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained visible crystals); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspar grains; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface. It is a plutonic rock found in continental crust and often dates back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. It is one of the hardest natural stones in the world and has been used in construction since Ancient Egypt.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found globally in mountainous regions and continental shields.
