igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, and black speckles; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Coarse-grained (phaneritic); Composition: Quartz, feldspar, and micas/amphibole.
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White, gray, and black speckles
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, and black speckles; Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Coarse-grained (phaneritic); Composition: Quartz, feldspar, and micas/amphibole.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below the Earth's surface in continental crustal environments. This cooling takes thousands to millions of years, allowing large crystals to grow.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, countertops, flooring, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base and railway ballast.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the bulk of the continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones, making it the standard choice for long-lasting monuments.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals. It is found in mountain ranges and continental shields worldwide. Collectors look for unique mineral inclusions or large feldspar phenocrysts.
