igneous
Granite
Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black, pink); Luster: Phaneritic (crystalline/sparkly); Structure: Granular/Massive; Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Salt and pepper (white, gray, black, pink)
- Luster
- Phaneritic (crystalline/sparkly)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Salt and pepper (white, gray, black, pink); Luster: Phaneritic (crystalline/sparkly); Structure: Granular/Massive; Cleavage: None (fractures irregularly); Specific Gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. Found in continental crust, often part of ancient mountain-building events (Orogeny) dating from the Precambrian to Cenozoic eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base and concrete aggregate.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust. Famous landmarks like Mount Rushmore and the Egyptian Pyramids feature granite. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones available.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its 'salt and pepper' appearance with visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. Found globally in plutons or batholiths. It does not react to acid like limestone.
