igneous
Granite
Granite (Alkali-feldspar, Quartz, and Plagioclase)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled pink, gray, or white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained), Granular; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically mottled pink, gray, or white
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: typically mottled pink, gray, or white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained), Granular; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Typical age can range from billions of years (Archean Eon) to more recent tectonic mountain-building events.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up the majority of the continental crust. The name comes from the Latin 'granum', meaning a grain, in reference to its coarse-grained structure.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt and pepper' crystalline appearance and extreme hardness (will scratch glass). Commonly found in continental mountain ranges and shields like the Canadian Shield or the Appalachians.
