igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (Quartz, Feldspar, Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, white, and gray speckled; Luster: Dull to Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pink, white, and gray speckled
- Luster
- Dull to Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pink, white, and gray speckled; Luster: Dull to Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Specific gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow subterranean cooling of magma. This process allows large crystals of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase to form. Granite comprises much of the Earth's continental crust and can range from millions to billions of years old.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite is one of the hardest substances in the world, second only to diamonds. It is also the most common igneous rock found on Earth's surface and makes up the core of many mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its 'salt and pepper' or speckled appearance and large visible crystals. It is found globally in continental crustal plates. Field identification involves checking for hardness (it won't be scratched by a steel blade) and the presence of quartz grains.
