igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (Silica-rich)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper (pinkish-tan feldspar, white quartz, black biotite/hornblende); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained)
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Luster
- Dull to vitreous
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Salt-and-pepper (pinkish-tan feldspar, white quartz, black biotite/hornblende); Luster: Dull to vitreous; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained)
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. This intrusive process allows large mineral crystals to form, often in continental crust environments dating back billions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability and aesthetic appeal.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the Earth's continental crust and is one of the hardest natural substances on Earth, second only to diamonds and some other gemstones.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its interlocking 'salt-and-pepper' mineral grains and lack of layering; common in mountain ranges and glacial deposits. Look for it in areas with exposed bedrock or riverbeds.
