igneous
Granite
Phaneritic plutonic rock (Felsic)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink); Luster: dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink)
- Luster
- dull to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: salt-and-pepper (white, gray, black, pink); Luster: dull to vitreous; Crystal structure: phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: poor; Specific gravity: 2.63-2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface. It is an intrusive igneous rock typical of continental crust, often dating back hundreds of millions to billions of years.
Uses & applications
Widely used for dimension stone, countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, curbing, and as crushed stone for road construction and concrete aggregate.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large part of the continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable common rocks, which is why it has been used in monuments and pyramids since ancient times.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its visible interlocking crystals of quartz, feldspar, and mica. It is found in large mountain ranges and shield areas globally. Collectors look for unique color variations or large crystal sizes.
