igneous
Granite
Phaneritic Igneous Rock (primarily Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
- Hardness
- 6-7 Mohs
- Color
- White, gray, pink with black specks
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: White, gray, pink with black specks; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Distinct in feldspars; Specific Gravity: 2.63 to 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed by the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface in batholiths and plutons. Generally formed during mountain-building events (orogenies) across various geological eras.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stone, monuments, and as crushed stone for road base.
Geological facts
Granite makes up a large portion of the continental crust. It is one of the hardest and most durable natural stones available, which is why it's a favorite for outdoor sculptures and heavy-duty surfaces.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its speckled 'salt and pepper' appearance and visible interlocking crystals of quartz and feldspar. Found globally in continental shields like the Canadian Shield or the Appalachians.
