igneous
Granite
Granite (Mainly Quartz: SiO2, Feldspar: KAlSi3O8 – NaAlSi3O8 – CaAl2Si2O8, and Mica)
Hardness: 6–7 Mohs; Color: Pink, white, and grey; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
- Hardness
- 6–7 Mohs
- Color
- Pink, white, and grey
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
Identified More igneous →
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6–7 Mohs; Color: Pink, white, and grey; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75
Formation & geological history
Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). It is extremely old, usually found in the continental crust dating back to the Precambrian era.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, curbing, monuments, and as a decorative stone in landscaping.
Geological facts
Granite is the most common rock in the continental crust. It forms the core of many mountain ranges, such as the Sierra Nevada and the Himalayas.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its visible interlocking crystals of pink orthoclase feldspar, white quartz, and black mica or hornblende. It is found in 'pluton' formations worldwide, such as in Yosemite National Park.
