Red Jasper

Hardness: 6.5-7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown, often uniform or with faint banding; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.64

Formed from silica-rich sedimentary rock that has been altered by various geological processes including precipitation from hydrothermal fluids, or as a primary deposit in volcanic rocks. The red color is due to high iron oxide (hematite) content. It can be found in formations ranging from Precambrian to Cenozoic.

Commonly used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), ornamental carvings, and decorative items due to its attractive color and polish. Also used as a historical carving material and occasionally as an abrasive due to its hardness.

Red Jasper has been used for tools, seals, and ornaments since ancient times. It was revered by many cultures, including the Egyptians and Native Americans, who believed it had protective and healing properties. The name 'jasper' is derived from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'.

Red Jasper is widely distributed globally. It can be identified in the field by its distinct reddish-brown color, often uniform, and its smooth, waxy luster when polished or wet. It typically breaks with a conchoidal fracture and is opaque. Common localities include the USA (Oregon, California), Indonesia, India, Russia, and Egypt. Look for it in areas with volcanic activity or sedimentary deposits that have undergone silicification, such as riverbeds or rocky outcrops. It often occurs as nodules or as filling in veins and fissures.