mineral
Gypsum (Desert Rose or Selenite variety)
Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (CaSO4·2H2O)
AI-generated identification · may be incorrectHardness: 2 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a fingernail). Color: Tan, brown, or grayish. Luster: Pearly to vitreous. Crystal structure: Monoclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction.
- Hardness
- 2 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a fingernail)
- Color
- Tan, brown, or grayish
- Luster
- Pearly to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 2 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a fingernail). Color: Tan, brown, or grayish. Luster: Pearly to vitreous. Crystal structure: Monoclinic. Cleavage: Perfect in one direction.
Formation & geological history
Evaporite mineral formed by the evaporation of seawater or saline lake water in arid basins. Often found in sedimentary environments such as salt flats and clay beds.
Uses & applications
Primary source of plaster of paris, drywall, and fertilizer. Also used as a soil conditioner and by collectors for unique crystal habits.
Geological facts
Gypsum is one of the most common minerals in sedimentary environments; it can form massive beds and is soft enough to be carved into intricate sculptures (alabaster).
Field identification & locations
Identified by its extreme softness and characteristic monoclinic crystal forms. Found globally in arid regions like the Sahara, US Southwest, and Mexico.
