mineral

Rough Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Hardness: 10 (Mohs); Color: Pale yellow to champagne; Luster: Adamantine (oily in rough state); Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral in four directions; Specific Gravity: 3.51

Hardness: 10 (Mohs)
Color: Pale yellow to champagne
Luster: Adamantine (oily in rough state)

Identified March 14, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed under intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth's mantle (150-200km) over 1 to 3 billion years ago. Carried to the surface by Kimberlite or Lamproite volcanic eruptions.

Uses & applications

Used in high-end jewelry (when cut and polished) and industrial applications such as cutting, drilling, and grinding tools due to extreme hardness.

Geological facts

Rough diamonds often have a 'greasy' appearance before being cut. They are the hardest natural substance on Earth. Most specimens found in surface deposits were transported long distances by ancient river systems.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its unique luster, extreme hardness (it will scratch any other material), and specific crystal habits like octahedrons. Commonly found in South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Botswana. Collectors look for 'trigons' (tiny triangular pits) on crystal faces.