mineral

Hematite Mineral Ore

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Dark grey to reddish-black; Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Dark grey to reddish-black
Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy

Identified June 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Dark grey to reddish-black; Luster: Metallic to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed in sedimentary Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) through precipitation in ancient oceans or as a sublimation product in volcanic areas; common in Precambrian rocks.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron for steel manufacturing, pigment in paints/cosmetics (ochre), polishing compounds (jeweler's rouge), and semi-precious gemstones for jewelry.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek word for blood 'haima' due to the reddish streak it leaves; it is the most important ore of iron in the world.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its characteristic reddish-brown streak on a porcelain plate, high density/heaviness, and dark metallic appearance. Found globally in large deposits like Lake Superior region and Brazil.