mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/gray; Luster: Vitreous (glassy) to greasy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless to white/gray
Luster: Vitreous (glassy) to greasy

Identified June 19, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/gray; Luster: Vitreous (glassy) to greasy; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in various geological environments, commonly through the cooling of silica-rich magma or precipitation from hydrothermal veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks of all ages.

Uses & applications

Used in glass making, electronics (semiconductors), abrasives, jewelry (as semi-precious stones), and as decorative collector specimens.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It exhibits piezoelectricity, meaning it generates an electric charge in response to applied mechanical stress.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and conchoidal fracture. Commonly found in riverbeds, mountains, and as crystals in vugs.