mineral

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18 with Chromium/Vanadium impurities)

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Hardness: 7
Color: Green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified June 5, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Formation & geological history

Formed in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins where beryllium is present near chromium or vanadium sources; typically metamorphic or igneous environments.

Uses & applications

Highly valued gemstone for jewelry and a prized mineral for collectors.

Geological facts

The green color is due specifically to trace amounts of chromium or vanadium. Most emeralds contain surface-reaching fissures and inclusions, often called 'jardin' (French for garden).

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and vibrant green color. Commonly found in Colombia, Brazil, and Zambia. Collectors look for clarity and color saturation.

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