mineral

Quartz (Milky/Clear Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/milky; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless to white/milky
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/milky; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is found in all types of geological environments (igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary) and can be hundreds of millions of years old.

Uses & applications

Used widely in glassmaking, electronics (piezoelectric properties), abrasives, and as a popular gemstone for jewelry and metaphysical collecting.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering, which is why it is the primary component of most beach sands.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its ability to scratch glass and its lack of cleavage (it breaks in curved, shell-like patterns called conchoidal fractures). Commonly found in riverbeds, mountains, and as veins in larger rock outcroppings worldwide.