Diamond (Emerald Cut)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 10 (Mohs scale), Color: Colorless (in this specimen), Luster: Adamantine, Crystal Structure: Cubic/Isometric, Cleavage: Perfect in four directions (octahedral), Specific Gravity: 3.52

Formation & Geological History

Formed under high-pressure, high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle, approximately 100 miles underground, and transported to the surface by kimberlite eruptions. Most diamonds are 1 to 3.5 billion years old.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in high-end jewelry (engagement rings), and industrially for cutting, grinding, and drilling tools due to extreme hardness.

Geological Facts

Diamonds are the hardest known natural substance. The emerald cut shown here was originally developed for emeralds to prevent chipping but became popular for diamonds to showcase clarity.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its brilliance, dispersion (fire), and inability to be scratched by any other material. Commonly found in kimberlite pipes in Africa, Russia, Canada, and Australia.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard