mineral
Quartz (Iron-stained)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: White to pinkish-orange due to iron oxidation, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (Conchoidal fracture)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: White to pinkish-orange due to iron oxidation, Luster: Vitreous/Glassy, Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None (Conchoidal fracture)
Formation & geological history
Formed in igneous veins or metamorphic environments where hydrothermal fluids rich in silica crystallize; this specimen shows water-worn rounding and secondary iron oxide staining.
Uses & applications
Quartz is used in glassmaking, electronics, abrasives, and as a semi-precious gemstone in jewelry.
Geological facts
Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. The reddish-pink hue in this specimen is caused by thin coatings or inclusions of hematite or limonite.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (it can scratch glass and steel) and lack of cleavage. Often found in riverbeds or beaches as rounded pebbles like this one.
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Biotite Schist
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