Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 Mohs; Color: Grayish-white with salt and pepper appearance; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals including quartz, feldspar, and mica); Specific Gravity: 2.63 - 2.75

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (plutonic). Found in continental crust and mountain ranges, often dating back to various geological eras including the Precambrian.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, monuments, and as crushed stone for aggregate.

Geological Facts

Granite is the most common rock in Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is one of the world's most famous exposures of a granite monolith.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its coarse, visible interlocking grains of whitish/clear quartz and opaque feldspar. Commonly found in mountainous regions or areas where erosion has exposed the continental basement rock.

Identified on: 4/26/2026

Mode: Standard