mineral

Amethyst

SiO2 (Amethyst is a variety of Quartz)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: Violet to purple, often with color zoning. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal crystal system). Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Violet to purple, often with color zoning
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified November 6, 2025More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale. Color: Violet to purple, often with color zoning. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal crystal system). Cleavage: None. Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Amethyst typically forms in hydrothermal veins or in cavities (geodes) within volcanic rocks. The purple color is due to irradiation of iron impurities (Fe3+) within the quartz structure. Its formation can occur over millions of years, often in ancient volcanic regions.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry due to its attractive color. Also valued by collectors and used for decorative items, carvings, and sometimes in New Age and spiritual practices.

Geological facts

The name 'amethyst' comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not drunk', as it was believed to prevent intoxication. It's the birthstone for February. Large geodes lined with amethyst crystals are significant natural wonders.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color, hardness (scratches glass), and six-sided prismatic crystal habit (though often found in massive form or as crystal points within geodes). Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Russia, South Korea, Austria, and parts of the United States.