mineral

Red Jasper (River pebble)

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 plus iron oxide impurities)

Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Opaque red/brick-red due to hematite; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Microcrystalline/Cryptocrystalline (Trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Opaque red/brick-red due to hematite
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified March 24, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through the deposition of silica from water-rich environments or hydrothermal vents. This specific specimen is a water-worn river pebble, likely millions of years old, shaped by mechanical erosion in a stream or river bed.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in lapidary arts for cabochons, beads, and pocket stones. Historically used for seals, amulets, and architectural ornamentation. In industry, it can serve as a component in aggregate or for grinding media.

Geological facts

Jasper has been used as a gemstone since antiquity; it is mentioned in the Bible as a stone in the Breastplate of Aaron. The name is derived from the Greek 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone.'

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its opaque nature (unlike translucent carnelian), lack of cleavage, and ability to scratch glass. Commonly found in gravel beds of rivers, beaches, and desert pavements worldwide.

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