Granite

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Pinkish-grey with orange hues; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Phaneritic (coarse-grained crystals); Cleavage: Perfect in feldspars, none in quartz; Specific gravity: 2.63 - 2.75

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the slow crystallization of magma below Earth's surface (intrusive). Most granites are associated with continental crust formation during orogenic (mountain-building) events across various geological eras.

Uses & Applications

Extensively used in construction for countertops, floor tiles, paving stones, and monuments due to its durability. High-quality specimens are used in decorative architecture and as lapidary material.

Geological Facts

Granite is the primary component of the Earth's continental crust. El Capitan in Yosemite National Park is one of the most famous exposed granite monoliths in the world. It is incredibly resistant to erosion.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its interlocking 'mosaic' of crystals. It will typically contain visible quartz (grey/clear), feldspar (pink/white), and mica (black/shiny). Commonly found in the cores of mountain ranges and shield areas.

Identified on: 4/20/2026

Mode: Standard