sedimentary
Banded Jasper (Carnelian Jasper)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown with white bands; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Reddish-brown with white bands
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown with white bands; Luster: Vitreous to waxy; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline quartz); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.58–2.91
Formation & geological history
Formed through the deposition of silica from hydrothermal solutions or in sedimentary environments. The red color comes from iron oxide (hematite) inclusions, while the bands represent distinct periods of mineral deposition over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Commonly used for ornamental carvings, tumble polishing, lapidary art, jewelry, and as a decorative stone in home decor.
Geological facts
Jasper is a variety of chalcedony. The name comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. It was highly prized in the ancient world for its toughness and ability to take a high polish.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its opacity (unlike translucent agate) and its distinct banding. Commonly found in riverbeds or volcanic deposits in regions like Brazil, India, and the USA. Collectors look for sharp contrast in the bands.
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