Mineral

Fluorite (Rainbow Fluorite)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, green, clear, with distinct color banding; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Isometric/Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175 to 3.56.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple, green, clear, with distinct color banding
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal activity, often in veins with metallic ores or in sedimentary carbonate rocks. It occurs across various geological ages, often deposited by hot water circulating through the Earth's crust.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steel making, in the production of hydrofluoric acid, high-performance telescope and camera lenses, and as a popular ornamental and semi-precious stone for jewelry and metaphysical collecting.

Geological facts

Fluorite is famously fluorescent under UV light; the word 'fluorescence' is actually derived from the name of this mineral. It is often referred to as 'the most colorful mineral in the world.'

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct cubic crystal habit, color banding, and softness (it can be scratched by a steel pocket knife but not a copper penny). Common locations include China, Mexico, South Africa, and the Illinois-Kentucky district in the USA.

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