metamorphic
Greenschist (Chlorite Schist)
Greenschist (containing chlorite, actinolite, and epidote)
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark green to grey-green; Luster: Pearly to dull; Texture: Foliated (schistose) with visible fine-grained platy minerals; Structure: Highly folded and wavy layering visible.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Dark green to grey-green
- Luster
- Pearly to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (Mohs scale); Color: Dark green to grey-green; Luster: Pearly to dull; Texture: Foliated (schistose) with visible fine-grained platy minerals; Structure: Highly folded and wavy layering visible.
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks (like basalt) under low-temperature (300–450 °C) and moderate-pressure conditions. Usually associated with orogenic belts and tectonic plate boundaries.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as decorative stone, floor tiles, and garden landscaping. Historically used for carving due to its moderate hardness.
Geological facts
The distinctive green color comes from minerals like chlorite and epidote that form during low-grade metamorphism. The wavy, crenulated texture seen in this specimen indicates significant tectonic squeezing after the rock first formed.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct green hue and 'schistosity' (tendency to split into sheets/flakes). Often found in mountain ranges like the Appalachians or the Alps. Look for the characteristic silk-like sheen on the foliation planes.
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