mineral

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trapiche possible); Cleavage: Imperfect basal; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Hardness: 7
Color: Vivid green to bluish green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified March 3, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs); Color: Vivid green to bluish green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trapiche possible); Cleavage: Imperfect basal; Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or pegmatites where beryllium-rich fluids interact with chromium or vanadium-bearing host rocks. Major deposits are found in metamorphic schist environments.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a precious gemstone in fine jewelry (rings, necklaces, earrings). Historically used for amulets and carvings.

Geological facts

Emeralds are famous for their 'jardin' (French for garden), which refers to the unique internal inclusions that help distinguish natural emeralds from synthetics.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its intense green hue and characteristic inclusions under a loupe. Found in Colombia, Brazil, Zambia, and Ethiopia. Collectors look for saturation, clarity, and lack of oil treatment.

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