sedimentary
Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) microcrystalline quartz
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various colors including red, brown, yellow, and green due to iron oxide impurities, trigonal crystal system with a microcrystalline (cryptocrystalline) structure, conchoidal fracture.
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Physical properties
Hardness of 6.5 to 7 on the Mohs scale, opaque luster, various colors including red, brown, yellow, and green due to iron oxide impurities, trigonal crystal system with a microcrystalline (cryptocrystalline) structure, conchoidal fracture.
Formation & geological history
Formed by the precipitation of silica-rich fluids in sedimentary environments or hydrothermal veins, often originating in ancient marine environments millions of years ago.
Uses & applications
Used widely in ornamental carvings, jewelry, cabochons, and as a decorative stone in lapidary arts.
Geological facts
Jasper has been used since ancient times for seals, talismans, and decorative items. Its name comes from the ancient Greek word iaspis, meaning 'spotted stone'.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), waxy to dull luster, and opaque earthy appearance with banded or mottled patterns. Found worldwide in regions with past volcanic or sedimentary hydrothermal activity.
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