mineral

Amethyst

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple to deep violet with white banding (common in tumbled stones); Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Luster: Vitreous/glassy

Identified April 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple to deep violet with white banding (common in tumbled stones); Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Forms in hydrothermal veins and cavities (geodes) within igneous rocks. The purple color is caused by irradiation of iron impurities within the quartz lattice.

Uses & applications

Widely used for jewelry, decorative carvings, spiritual/metaphysical collecting, and as a birthstone for February.

Geological facts

Amethyst was once considered as valuable as diamonds until large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color and ability to scratch glass. Tumbled pieces often show distinct 'V' shaped white patterns known as chevron banding. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Zambia.

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Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

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mineral