sedimentary
Sandstone
Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, yellowish, cream; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular with visible sand-sized grains; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
- Hardness
- 6-7 (Mohs)
- Color
- Tan, yellowish, cream
- Luster
- Dull or earthy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6-7 (Mohs); Color: Tan, yellowish, cream; Luster: Dull or earthy; Crystal structure: Granular with visible sand-sized grains; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8
Formation & geological history
Formed through the accumulation and cementation of sand-sized mineral particles (usually quartz or feldspar) in environments like deserts, riverbeds, or beaches over millions of years.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction as a building material, decorative stone, sand for glass making, and as a reservoir rock for oil and water.
Geological facts
Sandstone makes up about 20% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. Familiar landmarks like the Grand Canyon exhibit massive layers of this rock, documenting ancient environments.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its 'sandpaper' feel and visible grains. Common in sedimentary basins worldwide. For collectors, look for cross-bedding or ripple marks indicative of its depositional history.
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