metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Tremolite-Actinolite solid solution series (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Sage or olive green with dark inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic (fibrous aggregates); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.03
- Hardness
- 6
- Color
- Sage or olive green with dark inclusions
- Luster
- Vitreous to greasy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Sage or olive green with dark inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to greasy; Crystal structure: Monoclinic (fibrous aggregates); Cleavage: Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 2.9-3.03
Formation & geological history
Formed through regional or contact metamorphism of ultramafic rocks or impure limestones/dolostones. Its characteristic toughness comes from an interlocking fibrous microstructure.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in lapidary arts, jewelry, carvings, and traditional ornamental objects. It was historically used for axe heads and tools due to its extreme durability.
Geological facts
Nephrite is one of two minerals commonly known as jade (the other being Jadeite). It is legendary for its toughness, which is even higher than diamond, making it resistant to fracture.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its soapy/greasy feel when polished, its high density, and its inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Commonly found in British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and Taiwan.
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