mineral

Psilomelane (Black Hematite varietal)

Barium Manganese Oxide (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10

Hardness: 5-6, Color: Iron-black to dark steel-gray, Luster: Submetallic to dull, Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (usually massive/botryoidal), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 4.4-5.0

Identified June 26, 2026More mineral →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 5-6, Color: Iron-black to dark steel-gray, Luster: Submetallic to dull, Crystal Structure: Monoclinic (usually massive/botryoidal), Cleavage: None, Specific Gravity: 4.4-5.0

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zones of manganese deposits or as a chemical precipitate in sedimentary environments during various geological periods.

Uses & applications

Ores are used for manganese production in steelmaking; attractive botryoidal specimens are popular among mineral collectors and occasionally used for lapidary work.

Geological facts

The name ‘Psilomelane’ comes from the Greek words for ‘smooth’ and ‘black’. It is often found associated with other manganese oxides like pyrolusite and can produce a black or brownish-black streak.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its dark black color, high density, and typically botryoidal (grape-like) or massive habit. Found in locations like Sweden, Germany, and various sites across the United States including Arizona.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral