mineral

Sunstone

Heliolite (Sodium Calcium Aluminum Silicate with Iron or Copper inclusions)

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Orange/Yellow with metallic flashes, Luster: Vitreous to Pearly, Crystal structure: Triclinic, Cleavage: Perfect in two directions, Specific Gravity: 2.62-2.67

Hardness: 6-6

Identified March 26, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Orange/Yellow with metallic flashes, Luster: Vitreous to Pearly, Crystal structure: Triclinic, Cleavage: Perfect in two directions, Specific Gravity: 2.62-2.67

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous environments, specifically crystallization within basaltic lava flows or granitic pegmatites. The aventurescence (shiller effect) is caused by tiny plate-like inclusions of hematite, goethite, or copper. Geological age varies by deposit, typically ranging from the Tertiary to the Precambrian eras.

Uses & applications

Primary use is in the jewelry industry as a gemstone, often cut into cabochons or faceted. It is also a popular specimen for mineral collectors and used in metaphysical practices.

Geological facts

Sunstone is the official state gemstone of Oregon, USA. The highest quality 'Oregon Sunstone' contains microscopic copper inclusions, whereas most other global sunstones contain hematite.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by looking for a 'glittery' or metallic reflection (aventurescence) when rotated under light. Major locations include Oregon (USA), Norway, Tanzania, India, and Russia.

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